皮肤幼虫移行症（匍匐疹）是由温暖、潮湿土壤内的钩虫感染暴露的皮肤所致。
皮肤幼虫移行症由钩虫属（称为钩口线虫）引起。钩虫属于寄生虫。寄生虫是寄生在其他生物（宿主）上或其内部的生物体，依靠宿主提供营养来生存。这种钩虫是一种寄生虫，因为一部分钩虫通常生活在狗和猫的肠道中，而另一部分则生活在人类皮肤中。钩虫虫卵通过狗和猫的粪便排泄，当排泄在温暖潮湿的土壤或沙地上时会变为幼虫。幼虫可长为成虫，在人光着脚行走在被污染的土壤或沙地上或在该等土壤或沙地上沐日光浴时，其可穿透皮肤。
Mature hookworms multiply in the small intestine, usually of animals, and eggs are passed in the animal’s stool.
Under favorable conditions (moisture, warmth, shade), larvae hatch from the eggs in 1 to 2 days. The released larvae grow in the stool and/or the soil.
After 5 to 10 days, the larvae become infective. These infective larvae can survive 3 to 4 weeks in favorable environmental conditions.
Once the larvae have contact with the animal, they penetrate the skin and are carried through the blood vessels to the heart and then to the lungs, where they then reach the throat and are swallowed.
The larvae reach the small intestine where they mature into adults. Adult worms live in the small intestine where they attach to the intestinal wall. Some larvae stop maturing and are halted in the larval stage in the tissues; these particular larvae serve as the source of infection for puppies and kittens via their mother's milk
Humans become infected when larvae penetrate the skin. With most species, the larvae cannot mature further in the human host and move around within the topmost layer of the skin, sometimes as much as several centimeters a day. Some larvae may become trapped in deeper tissues.
Image from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Global Health, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria.
皮肤幼虫移行症全球发生，但在热带环境中最常见。在世界从未受影响的地区，这种疾病的出现被认为是由气候变化引起的。
动物钩虫感染引发的匐行疹（即皮肤移行幼虫症）与淡水螺寄生虫血吸虫引起的皮疹不同。见游泳者瘙痒症。
有关其他引起人类感染的钩虫属物种的信息，请参阅钩虫感染。有关动物钩虫病的详细信息，请参阅犬类胃肠道寄生虫和猫类胃肠道寄生虫。
这张照片显示穴居钩虫引起的足部皮疹。弯曲的线状皮疹非常痒。
© Springer Science+Business Media
这张照片显示了足背上的线状隆起痕迹。
供图：Karen McKoy,医学博士。
从侵入点开始，通常是足部、腿部、臀部或背部，钩虫无规则地钻隧，留下一条弯曲、细长、隆起的红色皮疹。皮疹非常瘙痒。可能也会出现小凸块和水疱。通常，抓挠凸块或水疱会导致皮肤细菌感染。
皮肤幼虫移行症的诊断
医师的评估
医生根据皮疹外观和位置，以及患者最近接触土壤或沙子的历史，诊断皮肤幼虫移行症。
皮肤幼虫移行症的治疗
噻苯达唑液体或乳膏或阿苯达唑软膏
阿苯达唑或伊维菌素
感染会在几周到数月后自行消失，但治疗会缓解瘙痒，并降低因偶尔抓挠导致细菌感染的风险。将噻苯达唑液体制剂或软膏或（有时）阿苯达唑软膏涂抹在受影响区域可以有效治疗感染。
医生有时还会给予口服阿苯达唑或伊维菌素，以杀死钩虫并治愈感染。
